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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Euclid's Optics ： ウィキペディア英語版 Euclid's Optics Euclid's ''Optics'' (), is a work on the geometry of vision written by the Greek mathematician Euclid around 300 BC. The earliest surviving manuscript of ''Optics'' is in Greek and dates from the 10th century AD. The work deals almost entirely with the geometry of vision, with little reference to either the physical or psychological aspects of sight. No Western scientist had previously given such mathematical attention to vision. Euclid's ''Optics'' influenced the work of later Greek, Islamic, and Western European Renaissance scientists and artists. == Historical significance== Writers before Euclid had developed theories of vision. However, their works were mostly philosophical in nature and lacked the mathematics that Euclid introduced in his ''Optics''.〔Lindberg, D. C. (1976). ''Theories of Vision from Al-Kindi to Kepler''. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 12.〕 Efforts by the Greeks prior to Euclid were concerned primarily with the physical dimension of vision. Whereas Plato and Empedocles thought of the visual ray as "luminous and ethereal emanation",〔Zajonc, A. (1993). ''Catching the Light: The Entwined History of Light and Mind''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 25.〕 Euclid’s treatment of vision in a mathematical way was part of the larger Hellenistic trend to quantify a whole range of scientific fields. Because ''Optics'' contributed a new dimension to the study of vision, it influenced later scientists. In particular, Ptolemy used Euclid's mathematical treatment of vision and his idea of a visual cone in combination with physical theories in Ptolemy's ''Optics'', which has been called "one of the most important works on optics written before Newton".〔Lindberg, D. C. (2007). ''The Beginnings of Western Science: The European Scientific Traditions in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, Prehistory to A.D. 1450''. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, p. 106.〕 Renaissance artists such as Brunelleschi, Alberti, and Dürer used Euclid's ''Optics'' in their own work on linear perspective.〔Zajonc (1993), p. 25.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Euclid's Optics」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.